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DB: BASE de DATOS, Biblioteca del Centro Cultural de la Embajada de Japon
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作成日:2011/06/19 12:08:08 JST最終更新日:2020/06/10 00:25:32 JST
RUBRO EDUCACION
TITULO Japan´s High Schools (★)
AUTOR Thomas P. Rohlen
EDITORIAL University of California Press
ISBN 0-520-04863-6
IDIOMA INGLES
CODIGO INTERNO DU-0053
NOTA (★)(Japan´s economic attainments, its integrated and orderly society, and its combination of traditional culture and industrial efficiency are widely recognized and admired. What is the wellspring of Japan´s success, what are the costs involved, and what kind of society sustains such accomplishments? The foundation of every nation is the quality of its citizens, and in this book Dr. Rohlen discusses how Japan´s citizenry is shaped. Today Japan´s high schools graduate a higher proportion of the population and their students achieve a higher average level in science and mathematics than those of any other nation. Since social status, income, and employment are based almost entirely on one´s education, 80 percent of the high school students aspire to a higher education. Immense competitive pressures result, focusing the efforts of students, parents, and teachers on a single goal : successful completion of the university entrance examination. The author, an anthropologist, spent fourteen months in Kobe observing a cross section of urban high schools, including Japan´s most elite private school and a night vocational school plagued by absenteeism and delinquency. He reports on the character of the institutions and of the experience via lively descriptions of school organization, classroom instruction, teacher and union politics, textbooks, adolescent peer relations, and extracurricular activities. Placing this ethnographic detail into a larger societal context, Dr. Rohlen examines the factors that shape Japanese high schools : the fiercely competitive university entrance system ; the history of secondary education as it has been changed by modernization, nationalism, and the American occupation ; and differences in student social background. In turn, the impact of high school education on contemporary Japan is assessed from the perspectives of social equality, Japanese culture, and national efficiency. Dr. Rohlrn explores the inherent contradictions among these considerations, and he concludes that education´s role in providing Japan with a well-trained, highly disciplined work force is accompanied by significant human and cultural costs. Narrowness of the learning process and impoverishment of instructional spirit are contrasted with very real accomplishments in teaching the basics and in socializing students to high levels of productive behavior.)

   

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