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(★)(日本近代哲学思想史)(Revised Edition)(There would seem to be no special need to justify the publication of this survey, given the fact that no single comprehensive study covering the last hundred years of Japanese philosophical thought has appeared in a Western language. The book by Tsuchida Kyooson is too old, and out of print besides, while the more recent work edited by Koosaka Masaaki is a history of thought in general up to 1912. If we exclude a few sketchy articles, no adequate introduction to recent Japanese philosophy exists.／ A justification is required instead to explain the nature of this book, which is called a ´Survey´, and does not pretend to be a history of philosophical ideas in Japan. The unassuming subtitle is not due to special modesty, but to the fact that for the moment nothing more could be done. Even in Japanese there is no standard work continuing the pioneering historical investigation of Asoo Yoshiteru which treated the development of philosophy in Japan during the first decade of the Meiji period (1868-1880). Unfortunately, although many books on Japanese thought have been printed after Asoo, he has had no real successor, partially because pre-war writers were too intent on explaining the ´spirit´ of Japan, and in the post-war years, the stress is on a social, if not Marxist, history of ideas.／ Therefore, at the moment, the best which can be done is to give an introductory survey of Japanese thinkers, rather than a history of systems and philosophical ideas, for which the basic studies are still wanting. Writing as the author does in post-war Japan, it is not superfluous to add that the thinkers discussed will be evaluated not on the basis of their ´progressive´ or ´reactionary´ political ideas and attitudes, but --as far as it is possible-- on the basis of the consistency and value of their speculative thought.／ A word of explanation and apology for more basic defects of this survey is in place. First of all, since my native language is not English, my writing lacks that smoothness and clarity which the subject requires. Secondly and even more important, are the inadequacies in handling the vast Japanese material which this survey entails. Japanese sources, as every scholar in Japanese studies is painfully aware of, are not the easiest documents in the world to understand and evaluate. Specific difficulties are to be found in rendering Japanese terms and ideas in a Western language. Furthermore, the selection of sources and points of emphasis will not meet with unanimous approval. In explanation, I can only say that recent Japanese philosophical thought covers practically all the trends of the world, from its philosophical beginnings to the latest philosopher, with a vastness and quantity of publication that nobody can pretend to have complete familiarity with.／ Non-Japanese readers will also be surprised because too little is said about Buddhist and Confucianist thought. Recent Japanese philosophical thought, means in Japan, predominantly, if not exclusively, the Western type of philosophical thinking, as is explained in the book itself.／ [from ´PREFACE´, Gino K. Piovesana, S.J., Sophia University, Tokyo, May 1962] ▼CONTENTS／ ●1.EARLY EMPIRICISM, POSITIVISM, AND EVOLUTIONISM 1862-1885／The Beginning of Western Philosophy／Two Pioneers : Tsuda and Nishi／Philosophical Works of Nishi Amane／The Evolutionism of Katoo Hiroyuki／Philosophy and Foreign Professors at Tokyo University／ ●2.CONSERVATISM AND ANGLO-GERMAN IDEALISM 1886-1900／The Reaction against the Westernization of Japan／Old Thought and New Categories in Nishimura, Inoue Enryoo, and Miyake／The Thought and Influence of Inoue Tetsujiroo／A Critically Minded Ethician : Oonishi Hajime／Experimental Psychology ; Koeber Sensei／Early Socialist Thought and Materialism／ ●3.INDIVIDUALISM, PRAGMATISM, AND NEO-KANTIANISM 1901-1925／Individualism and Japanism／Pragmatism in Japan／The Instrumentalism of Tanaka Oodoo／The Ethical Personalism of Abe Jiroo／Studies in Kantian and Neo-Kantian Philosophy／Leading Professors : Kuwaki and Tomonaga／ ●4.THE PHILOSOPHY OF NISHIDA KITAROO 1870-1945／The Significance of Nishida´s Thought／The Early ´Pure Experience´／The Self-Consciousness of the Absolute Free Will／The Logic of Place and Nothingness／The Acting Intuition and the Historical World／Nishida´s Religious and Cultural Views／ ●5.OTHER LEADING PHILOSOPHERS : HATANO, WATSUJI, AND TANABE／The Philosophy of Religion of Hatano Seiichi／The Ethical System of Watsuji Tetsuroo／Tanabe Hajime´s Logic of the Species／ ●6.CULTURALISM AND HEGELIANISM ; MARXISM AND WORLD PHILOSOPHY 1926-1945／Culturalism and Hegelianism／Kawakami´s Historical Materialism／Miki´s Anthropological Marxism／Materialists and Communist Philosophers／World Philosophy and Nationalism／ ●7.POST-WAR PHILOSOPHICAL TRENDS 1946-1962／The Existentialism of the Kyoto School／Post-War Marxism and Materialism／Analytical Philosophy and Other Trends／The Third Humanism of Mutai Risaku／ ●8.CONCLUSIONS : WESTERN PHILOSOPHY VERSUS ORIENTAL CULTURE／The Birth and Diffusion of Ideas and Philosophies／Some Characteristics of Japanese Philosophy／The Tasks of Japanese Philosophy and the Oriental Heritage／) |
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